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Background/Aims@#Previous studies reveal that immune-mediated neuroinflammation plays a key role in the etiology of esophageal achalasia. However, the understanding of leucocyte phenotype and proportion is limited. This study aim to evaluate the phenotypes of leukocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells transcriptomes in esophageal achalasia. @*Methods@#We performed high-dimensional flow cytometry to identified subsets of peripheral leukocytes, and further validated in lower esophageal sphincter histologically. RNA sequencing was applied to investigate the transcriptional changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with achalasia. Cell-type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) was used for estimating the immune cell types. A differential gene expression analysis was performed and the differential expressed genes were subjected to gene ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes network, protein-protein interaction network construction. @*Results@#An imbalance between innate and adaptive immune cells occurred in achalasia. Specifically, neutrophils and CD8+ T cells increased both in peripheral blood and lower esophageal sphincter in achalasia. Eosinophils decreased in peripheral blood but massively infiltrated in lower esophageal sphincter. CIBERSORT analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells RNA sequencing displayed an increased prevalence of CD8+ T cells. 170 dysregulated genes were identified in achalasia, which were enriched in immune cells migration, immune response, etc. Proton pump inhibitor analysis revealed the intersections and gained 7 hub genes in achalasia, which were IL-6, Toll-like receptor 2, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor, complement C3, and complement C1q A chain. @*Conclusion@#Patients with achalasia exhibited an imbalance of systematic innate and adaptive immunity, which may play an important role in the development of achalasia.
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Objective:To analyze the incidence of malignant tumors and its risk factors in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.Methods:Clinical data of 627 hemodialysis patients in Huadu District People′s Hospital of Guangzhou who met the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria from January 2015 to December 2020 were retrospectively collected. Clinical characteristic of patients with malignant tumors was summarized. Multivariate logistics regression analysis was performed to explore the related factors of malignant tumors.Results:Among the 627 patients, 19(3.03%) developed malignant tumors. There were 14 males and 5 females with a mean age of (65.7±13.7)years. Their mean dialysis duration was (45.16±38.18)months. Gastrointestinal tumor was the most common tumor type (9/19). Univariate analysis showed that the age of the patients combined with malignant tumors was significantly higher, and the serum prealbumin was significantly lower than those patients without malignant tumors (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age was the independent risk factor of developing cancers after adjusting dialysis age, hemoglobin, albumin and parathyroid hormone ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The incidence of malignant tumor is significantly higher in maintenance hemodialysis patients than that in the general population. Age is the risk independent risk factor. Therefore, we should strengthen the monitoring of elderly hemodialysis patients, discover the disease in time, and take measures to improve the prognosis.
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Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) organoids are 3D cultured from patient-derived stem cells or progenitor cells in vitro. PDA organoids have a variety of cell types, can realize structural self-organization through cell self-renewal, and are similar to the cells in the body of the original organ function in vivo biological bank. PDA organoids can be derived from surgical or biopsy tissue. The ability to build organoids from biopsy will facilitate the sampling of a larger population of PDA patients. Repeated sampling of patients can track the entire progression of the disease longitudinally. Compared with the traditional 2D cell culture and patient-derived xenotransplantation models, the three-dimensional culture of PDA organoids has the characteristics of short time and high success rate, and can be cryopreserved and maintain the stability of genetic traits. Organoids that can simulate diseases can be used as an alternative drug testing system. Using it for drug testing can not only better reflect the patient's response to drugs, but also can reduce the number of animal experiments. Moreover, when using organoids for testing, there is no need to understand the underlying molecular mechanism a priori, and chemical sensitivity testing can be performed directly, thereby shortening the testing time. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of different PDA organoids 3D culture methods and the verification methods for the stability and invasiveness of PDA organoids were reviewed. The mechanism of PDA organoids used for tumor chemotherapy drug sensitivity screening was discussed, and the application prospects and challenges of tumor biology in patient individualized treatment and precision medical treatment were discussed.
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Cancer is the second cause for human death. The incidence of cancer is increasing with the expansion of the elder population and the increase of risk factors such as smoking, obesity and unhealthy life style. The present interventions to prevent and treat cancers are largely ineffective, so the novel strategy for cancer prevention and therapy is needed. Recently, fasting and caloric restriction are found to be beneficial for cancer prevention and therapy. This review aims to summarize the major progresses of fasting and caloric restriction in cancer research, which will shed light on the cancer prevention and therapy.
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Objective To carry out a meta-analysis,in order to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection (DPPHR) and pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) or pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy(PPPD) for surgical treatment of chronic pancreatitis.Methods Medline,EMBASE,Cochrane library and other medical databases were searched for the clinical trials (randomized controlled trials) of comparing DPPHR Versus PD/PPPD.A total of 5 clinical trials (8 references) met the inclusion criteria.The data were analyzed using the RevMan 5.3 software.Results The two methods don't have statistical differ ence in terms of operation time (P=0.007),postoperative morbidity (P=0.35) and mortality (P=0.18),pain relief(P=0.36),new onset of diabetes(P=0.11),exocrine insufficiency(P=0.18),short-term(P=0.14) and long-term(P=0.16) quality of life score,the length of hospital stay (P=0.69),and pancreatic fistula (P=0.78).Weight gain (P＜0.000 01) and occupational rehabilitation (P=0.03)were significantly improved in the DPPHR group.However,PD/PPPD group was associated with fewer readmission due to pancreatic diseases.Conclusions DPPHR offers more advantages with regard to the quality of life.However,it needs more high-quality clinical trials to verify the results.
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Objective To observe the effect of Kangfuxin liquid combined with mupirocin on exit -site granulation tissue hyperplasia in peritoneal dialysis patients. Methods From January 2012 to December 2017, 35 peritoneal dialysis patients with exit-site granulation tissue hyperplasia in the People's Hospital of Huadu District were selected and randomly assigned into treatment group (15 cases) and control group(20 cases). The control group was given conventional treatment, the treatment group received a sterile dressing moistened with Kangfuxin liquid. Before and after treatment,the exit-site granulation tissue outcome and the incidence of complications were recorded and compared. Results The recovery time of the control group was (8. 58 ± 1. 36)d,which was longer than (3. 43 ± 0. 85)d of the treatment group (t=3. 57,P<0. 05). Exit-site exudation was found in 3 patients of the control group. No complications were observed in the treatment group. Conclusion Kangfuxin liquid combined with mupiro-cin can shorter the recovery time of exit-site granulation tissue hyperplasia in peritoneal dialysis patients,and reduce the side effect,which is worthy of clinical application.
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Objective To study the effects of carpesium abrotanoides petroleum ether fraction on phagocytic function of macrophages and antibody forming cell in mice.Methods The extract carpesium abrotanoides petroleum ether fraction,forty five mice were divided into the control group and low and high dose groups of carpesium abrotanoides petroleum ether fraction by random number table method,15 mices in each group.The low-dose and high-dose groups of carpesium abrotanoides petroleum ether fraction were given 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg respectively by gavage for 10 days.The spleen weight,growth index,the phagocytosis of macrophages and the number of antibody-forming cells in peritoneal macrophages of mice were detected by chicken erythrocyte phagocytosis test and hemolytic plaque test.Results Compared with the control group,the spleen weight (192.4 ± 11.49 mg,204.6 4 10.59 mg vs.117.6 ± 10.89 mg),the growth index (6.04 ± 0.54,6.06 ± 0.40 vs.3.89 ± 0.14),antibody forming (1 216.4 ± 94.1,1 548.8 ± 86.4 vs.361.0 ± 11.7),phagocytosis percentage of macrophages (58.60％ ± 2.60％,72.0％ ± 3.08％ vs.35.49％ ± 1.64％),and Phagocytosis index (2.01 ± 0.10,2.69 ± 0.15 vs.0.37 ± 0.06) of the groups of low doses and high doses of Carpesium abrotanoides Petroleum ether fraction significantly increased (P＜0.05).Conclusions The low doses and high doses of Carpesium abrotanoides Petroleum ether fraction can enhance the mice's specific and nonspecific immune function,and protect the immune system of mice.
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Objective To observe the expression of interferon induced protein (IP)-10 and the role of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathway in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs) under the action of lipopolysaccharide (LPS).Methods RPMCs were harvested from Sprague-Dawley rat peritoneal cavity and cultured under defined in vitro conditions.The cells were exposed respectively to different concentrations of LPS (0,10,100,1 000,10 000 ng/ml) for 3 h or treated with LPS (100 ng/ml)for different time points (0,1,3,6,12,24,48 h).For observing the effect of LPS on the expression of p-p65 and p65,the RPMCs were treated with LPS (100 ng/ml) for different time points (0,15,30,60,120 min).For observing the effect of BAY11-7085 on the expression of IP-10 mRNA,the RPMCs were treated by LPS or pretreated with BAY11-7085 (5 μ mol/L) for2 h,then treated with LPS for another 3 h,respectively.Expression of IP-10 mRNA was examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Expression of NF-κB and p-NF-κB protein was detected by Western blot.The secretion of IP-10 was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results Compared with the control group,stimulation of RPMCs with 10 ng/ml LPS resulted in a significant increase in the expression of IP-10 mRNA (P ＜0.05).1 000 ng/ml LPS has the strongest effect on IP-10 expression compared with that of 10 ng/ml and 100 ng/ml LPS.Treatment with 100 ng/ml LPS resuhed in time-dependent increase in the gene level of IP-10,with the peak at 3 h.However,after that time point,the gene level of them was gradually attenuated.Following treatment with LPS (100 ng/ml),the level of p-NF-κB began to increase at 15 min,gradually reached the peak at 1 hour,and then decreased.But the level of which at 2 h is still significant higher than that of medium control.5 μmol/L BAY11-7085 significantly decreased the up-regulation of IP-10 induced by LPS.Conclusions LPS enhanced the expression of IP-10 on RPMCs in a concentration-dependent and a time-dependent manner.LPS induced expression of IP-10 depended on the NF-κB signal transduction pathway.
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AIM: To investigate the effect of deoxycholic acid (DCA) on the energy metabolism in human normal colon epithelial NCM460 cells.METHODS: NCM460 cells was treated with DCA at 10, 30 and 100 μmol/L for 5 d, or DCA at 100 μmol/L for 3, 5 and 7 d.After treated with DCA at 100 μmol/L for 3 d, the cells were treated with resveratrol, the activator of sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), for the next 4 d.Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in the mitochondria and lactate acid level were detected.The protein expression of SIRT3 was determined by Western blot.RESULTS: DCA inhibited the ATP production, increased lactate acid level, and downregulated the protein expression of SIRT3 in a dose-and time-dependent manner.Resveratrol at 10 μmol/L reversed the effects of DCA on the NCM460 cells.CONCLUSION: DCA induces the dysfunction of energy metabolism in NCM460 cells, and the mechanism may be related with SIRT3.
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PurposeCT myelography (CTM) and gadolinium-enhanced MR myelography (Gd-MRM) are essential methods used for localizing spinal cerebrospinal fluid leaks in patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) and are significant for diagnosis and guided epidural blood patches. This paper analyzes the rate and imaging features of unsuccessful myelography due to misinjection of contrast into epidural space to guide prompt and correct clinical judgment of unsuccessful myelography.Materials and Methods Myelography from 121 patients with SIH was retrospectively reviewed and the image features of the unsuccessful myelography were analyzed.Results A total of 128 myelography examinations were done. Contrast media was accidently injected into the epidural space in 33 examinations. The failure rate was 25.8%. In all 33 failed exams, bilateral spinal nerve roots on both sides of the dural sac passing through contrast media was observed without visualization of anterior and posterior nerve roots. Cauda equina was not seen within contrast media in 29 cases (87.9%); non-diffusion of contrast media into cisterns and ventricles in 26 cases (78.8%). Contrast was not continuous in spinal canal in 16 cases (48.5%), heterogeneous in 10 cases (30.3%). In 4 cases (12.1%) the inner contour of contrast was not smooth.Conclusion The unsuccessful rate of myelography is relatively high in SIH patients. A prompt and correct decision could be made based on the knowledge of contrast misinjection imaging features.
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Objective: To study the effects of different origins, collection and processing methods on the quality of Taraxacum mongolicum. Methods:The HPLC fingerprints of Taraxacum mongolicum were established. Totally 11 batches of Taraxacum mongoli-cum were analyzed by similarity evaluation and cluster analysis. Results:According to the results of HPLC, 11 batches of Taraxacum mongolicum had good baseline separation and showed 5 common peaks. Based on the established HPLC method, the quality of different batches of Taraxacum mongolicum showed difference according to the results of similarity evaluation and cluster analysis. The quality of batch 121231-1 was the best. Conclusion:The origin, collection and processing method show notable influence on the quality of Ta-raxacum mongolicum, and the comprehensive score method can be applied in the quality evaluation of Chinese herbs.
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Objective To investigate the related risk factors of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI)after cerebrovascular intervention. Methods The clinical data of 5423 patients performed cerebrovascular angiography and intervention at the Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery,Guangdong People′s Hospital from January 2005 to December 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients who underwent cerebrovascular angiography and intervention were evaluated and screened. A clinical history database was established. All the selected patients used iodixanol,an isotonic contrast agent. The occurrence of CI-AKI was used as an endpoint. The patients were divided into either a CI-AKI group or a non CI-AKI group. A multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors associated with the occurrence of CI-AKI. Results A total of 4164 patients were finally enrolled,including 137 had CI-AKI. The incidence of CI-AKI was 3. 3%. The results of multivariate Logistic regression showed that age >60 years (OR,1. 965,95%CI 1. 244-3. 136),baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)60 years)are the independent risk factors for occurring CI-AKI after cerebrovascular angiography and intervention.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the impact of pre-operative uric acid on acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgery in elderly patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data were collected from 936 elderly patients (age ≥ 60 years) undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass in Guangdong General Hospital between January 2005 and May 2011. The baseline serum creatinine was defined as the latest serum creatinine before surgery, and AKI was diagnosed according to RIFLE criteria. Patients were divided into three groups according to the sex-specific cutoff values of serum uric acid tertiles (group A: ≤ 384.65 µmol/L in men, and ≤ 354.00 µmol/L in women; group B:384.66-476.99 µmol/L in men and 354.01-437.96 µmol/L in women; group C: ≥ 477.00 µmol/L in men and ≥ 437.97 µmol/L in women). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent risk factors for AKI.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among 936 elderly patients, 576 cases (61.5%) developed AKI. Mean uric acid concentration was higher in AKI patients than in Non-AKI patients ( (436.6 ± 119.1) µmol/L vs. (398.0 ± 107.2) µmol/L, P < 0.001). The incidence of AKI was 56.1% (175/312) in group A, 56.3% (175/311) in group B, 72.2% (226/313) in group C (P < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that, after adjusted for age, gender, co-morbidities(hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cerebrovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), previous cardiac surgery, eGFR<60 ml×min(-1) ×1.73 m(-2), heart function ≥ 3 (NYHA), positive urine protein, combination of coronary artery bypass grafting and valvular surgery, cardiopulmonary bypass operation time, aortic cross-clamping time, pre-operative angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin II receptor blockers and lipid-lowering drugs use, early postoperative angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin II receptor blockers, diuretics and digoxin use, post-operation central venous pressure, risk of post operative AKI was significantly higher in group C than in group A (OR:1.897, 95%CI: 1.270-2.833, P = 0.002).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Pre-operative elevated uric acid is an independent risk factor of AKI after cardiac surgery in elderly patients.</p>
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Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Acute Kidney Injury , Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors , Cardiac Surgical Procedures , Cardiopulmonary Bypass , Coronary Artery Bypass , Incidence , Kidney Function Tests , Predictive Value of Tests , Risk Factors , Uric Acid , BloodABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish the HPLC fingerprint of Angelica polymorpha.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The 10 batches of A. polymorpha were measured by HPLC with isoimperatorin as a reference substance and the chromatographic experients were performed on Kromasil 100A C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm), eluted with acetonitrile and water as mobile phase in gradient mode. The flow rate was 1.0 m x min(-1) and the detection wavelength was 254 nm.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The common mode of the HPLC fingerprints were set up. There were 8 common peaks in the fingerprint of 10 samples, and the similarity of the 10 samples was more than 0.9.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method is simple, accurate and have a good reaptability. The quality of A. polymorpha can be controlled effectively by the HPLC fingerprint.</p>
Subject(s)
Angelica , Chemistry , China , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Methods , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Furocoumarins , Chemistry , Plant Roots , Chemistry , Plants, Medicinal , Chemistry , Quality Control , Reference Standards , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of selective intracoronary stenting to the improvement of myocardial viability and left ventricular function aftcr Q-ware acute myocardial infarction. Methods 32 patients with initial Q-wave myocardial infarction underwent isoket-infusion 99Tc mMIBI SPECT imaging and blood pool radionuclide ventriculography before and after selective intracoronary Stenting. Results (1) The abnormal radioactive segments were 212 vs 108 before and after intracoronary stenting. The mean scores of abnormal segments were 16.1?3.9 vs 8.3?1.4 (P
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Objective To evaluate and compare the therapetic effectiveness among intravenous rt-PA thrombolysis, thrombolysis plus delayed intracoronary stenting and delayed intracoronary stenting for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) using 99 [KG*2/3]Tcm-MIBI myocardial SPECT imaging. Methods Ninty-five cases of AMI were divided into three groups which were the thrombolysis group (n=31), thrombolysis plus delayed stenting group (n=30) and the delayed stenting group (n=34). 99 [KG*2/3]Tcm-MIBI myocardial SPECT imaging was performed 3 weeks after thrombolysis therapy or 1 week after intracoronary stenting.The left ventricular myocardium was divided into 16 segments for evaluation. The score of myocardial 99 [KG*2/3]Tcm-MIBI uptake were analyzed semiquantitatively and the total score of myocardial 99 [KG*2/3]Tcm-MIBI uptake was calculated. Results The scores of the 3 groups were 28.4?7.5, 19.4?6.2 and 27.3?7.2 respectively. Significant difference was shown in the thrombolysis plus delayed stenting group compared with the thrombolysis and the delayed stenting group (t=7.2, t=6.9, P0.05). Conclusion 99 Tcm-MIBI myocardial SPECT imaging has been proved to be an objective parameter for evaluating the therapeutic effectiveness of the various treatments of AMI. Thrombolysis plus delayed stenting seems to be more effective than thrombolysis and delayed stenting. On the other hand, thrombolysis and delayed stenting show similar effect in the treatment of AMI in the study.